Selim_Neon


 * **Atomic number ** || 10 ||
 * **Atomic mass ** || 20.179 g.mol -1 ||
 * **Electronegativity according to Pauling ** || unknown ||
 * **Density ** || 0.9*10 -3 g.cm-3 at 20°C ||
 * **Melting point ** || -249 °C ||
 * **Boiling point ** || -246 °C ||
 * **Vanderwaals radius ** || 0.16 nm ||
 * **Ionic radius ** || unknown ||
 * **Isotopes ** || 3 ||
 * **Electronic shell ** || [ He ] 2s22p6 ||
 * **Energy of first ionisation ** || 2080 kJ.mol -1 ||
 * **Energy o second ionisation ** || 3952 kJ.mol -1 ||
 * **Standard potential ** || 6122 kJ.mol -1 ||
 * **Discovered by ** || Sir Ramsay in 1898 ||

Neon comes from greek Neos meaning new.Neon was discovered by a Scottish chemist called Sir William Ramsay and an English chemist called Morris M Traver, shortly after the discovery of Krypton in the year 1898. Like Krypton it was discovered through the study of liquefied air. It is the fourth most abundant element in the universe, it only covers 0.0018% of the earths surface. Neon is separated from helium by selective adsorption on activated charcoal at low temperatures.Processing 88,000 pounds of liquid air will produce one pound of neon. It is mostly used in advertising signs and in some light bulbs, or as a cryogenic refrigerant. It’s colorless and odorless. It has no biological uses it is non-toxic and can have no impact on enviroment at all because it's chemically unreactive and forms no compounds and there is no known ecological damage this element can do, unless it is allowed to reach high concentrations. Neon is the second-lightest noble gas, making it highly stable and relatively nonreactive, its color is reddish-orange in a vacuum discharge tube and in neon lamps. It can seriously cause dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness and death when you inhale it, which is the only way of absorbing it. In contact with water it can cause frostbite. Colourless, odourless, tasteless, and lighter than air, neon gas occurs in minute quantities in the Earth's atmosphere and trapped within the rocks of the Earth's crust. Though neon is about 3.5 times as plentiful as helium in the atmosphere, dry air contains only .0018 percent neon by volume. Neon liquefies at -246.048° C (-411° F) and freezes at a temperature only 2 1/25 lower. When under low pressure, it emits a bright orange-red light if an electrical current is pass-ed through it. This property is utilized in neon signs (which first became familiar in the 1920s), in some fluorescent and gaseous conduction lamps, and in high-voltage testers. When neon conducts electricity, it turns a distinctive reddish orange color. Other so-called “neon” signs actually use other noble gases to achieve colors such as green and blue. Many colored indicators such as high voltage indicators also use neon, and the substance is sometimes used in lasers as well. Neon is also used as a coolant, and in high energy phisycs research.